How To Fix SDDL_PARSER_MSG021 - Only field names are allowed in GROUP BY

SAP Error Message - Details

• Message type: E = Error

• Message class: SDDL_PARSER_MSG - Message Class for DDL Parser

• Message number: 021

• Message text: Only field names are allowed in GROUP BY

Self-Explanatory Message

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Smart SAP Assistant

• What is the cause and solution for SAP error message SDDL_PARSER_MSG021 - Only field names are allowed in GROUP BY ?

  The SAP error message SDDL_PARSER_MSG021 indicates that there is an issue with the SQL query being executed, specifically in the GROUP BY clause. This error typically arises when the GROUP BY clause contains expressions or calculations instead of just field names.
  Cause:
  The error occurs when the SQL query attempts to group results using something other than simple field names. For example, if you have a GROUP BY clause that includes calculated fields, functions, or expressions, SAP will throw this error.
  Example of the Issue:
  SELECT field1, SUM(field2)
  FROM table_name
  GROUP BY field1 + field3;  -- This will cause the error
  Solution:
  To resolve this error, ensure that the GROUP BY clause only includes field names. Here’s how you can modify the query:
  
  
  Use Only Field Names: Ensure that the GROUP BY clause contains only the names of the fields you want to group by.
  Corrected Example:
  SELECT field1, SUM(field2)
  FROM table_name
  GROUP BY field1;  -- Only field names are used
  
  
  Check for Aliases: If you are using aliases in your SELECT statement, make sure to use the original field names in the GROUP BY clause.
  
  
  Review Calculations: If you need to group by a calculated value, consider calculating it in a subquery or using a Common Table Expression (CTE) if your database supports it.
  
  
  Related Information:
  
  SQL Standards: The SQL standard requires that all columns in the SELECT list that are not aggregated must be included in the GROUP BY clause. This is to ensure that the results are deterministic.
  Debugging Queries: If you encounter this error, review the SQL query carefully, focusing on the GROUP BY clause. It can be helpful to break down complex queries into simpler parts to identify the source of the error.
  SAP Documentation: For more detailed information, refer to the SAP documentation or the specific module documentation related to the query you are executing.
  
  By following these guidelines, you should be able to resolve the SDDL_PARSER_MSG021 error and successfully execute your SQL query.