How To Fix OO229 - Class is Abstract. Cannot create test classes.

SAP Error Message - Details

• Message type: E = Error

• Message class: OO - Class Builder/API

• Message number: 229

• Message text: Class is Abstract. Cannot create test classes.

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Smart SAP Assistant

• What is the cause and solution for SAP error message OO229 - Class is Abstract. Cannot create test classes. ?

  The SAP error message "OO229 Class is Abstract. Cannot create test classes." typically occurs in the context of ABAP programming when you attempt to instantiate an abstract class. In ABAP, an abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated directly; it is meant to be a base class for other classes that implement its methods.
  Cause:
  
  Abstract Class: The class you are trying to create a test class for is defined as an abstract class. Abstract classes are designed to provide a common interface and may contain abstract methods that must be implemented by subclasses.
  Test Class Instantiation: When you try to create a test class or an instance of the abstract class, the system raises this error because it cannot create an instance of an abstract class.
  
  Solution:
  
  
  Use a Concrete Subclass: Instead of trying to instantiate the abstract class directly, you should create a test class for a concrete subclass that implements the abstract methods of the abstract class. Ensure that the subclass is fully implemented and can be instantiated.
  
  
  Check Class Definition: Review the definition of the abstract class to understand its purpose and the methods that need to be implemented in the subclasses. Make sure that the subclass you are using is correctly implementing all required methods.
  
  
  Modify Test Class: If you have a test class that is trying to instantiate the abstract class, modify it to instantiate a concrete subclass instead.
  
  
  Related Information:
  
  
  Abstract Classes in ABAP: Abstract classes are defined using the ABSTRACT keyword in the class definition. They can contain abstract methods (also defined with the ABSTRACT keyword) that must be implemented by any concrete subclass.
  
  
  Creating Subclasses: To create a subclass in ABAP, you can use the INHERITING FROM clause in the class definition. Ensure that the subclass implements all abstract methods from the abstract class.
  
  
  Testing Framework: If you are using the ABAP Unit testing framework, ensure that your test classes are designed to test concrete implementations rather than abstract classes.
  
  
  Example:
  Here’s a simple example to illustrate the concept:
  CLASS cl_abstract_class DEFINITION ABSTRACT.
    PUBLIC SECTION.
      METHODS abstract_method ABSTRACT.
  ENDCLASS.
  
  CLASS cl_abstract_class IMPLEMENTATION.
  ENDCLASS.
  
  CLASS cl_concrete_class DEFINITION INHERITING FROM cl_abstract_class.
    PUBLIC SECTION.
      METHODS abstract_method REDEFINITION.
  ENDCLASS.
  
  CLASS cl_concrete_class IMPLEMENTATION.
    METHOD abstract_method.
      " Implementation of the abstract method
    ENDMETHOD.
  ENDCLASS.
  In this example, cl_abstract_class is an abstract class, and cl_concrete_class is a concrete subclass that implements the abstract method. You can create test classes for cl_concrete_class but not for cl_abstract_class.
  By following these guidelines, you should be able to resolve the OO229 error and successfully create your test classes.