How To Fix ES113 - Includes can only be used in programs

SAP Error Message - Details

• Message type: E = Error

• Message class: ES - ABAP Workbench: Repository Information System

• Message number: 113

• Message text: Includes can only be used in programs

Self-Explanatory Message

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Smart SAP Assistant

• What is the cause and solution for SAP error message ES113 - Includes can only be used in programs ?

  The SAP error message ES113 ("Includes can only be used in programs") typically occurs when you attempt to use an INCLUDE statement in a context where it is not allowed, such as in a function module, method, or class definition. This error indicates that the INCLUDE file is being referenced incorrectly.
  Cause:
  
  Incorrect Context: The INCLUDE statement is being used in a location that does not support it, such as within a class or method definition.
  Program Structure: The INCLUDE files are designed to be used within executable programs (report programs) and not in non-executable objects like function modules or classes.
  
  Solution:
  
  Check the Context: Ensure that the INCLUDE statement is placed within an executable program (report) and not in a function module, class, or method.
  Refactor Code: If you need to share code across different objects (like classes or function modules), consider using:
  
  Function Modules: Create a function module that encapsulates the shared logic.
  Methods: If you are working within a class, consider defining methods that can be reused.
  Global Classes: If applicable, create a global class that contains the shared logic.
  
  
  Use of Macros: If you need to include reusable code snippets, consider using macros instead of INCLUDEs, as macros can be defined in a way that they can be used in various contexts.
  
  Related Information:
  
  INCLUDE Files: These are typically used to modularize code in ABAP programs, allowing for better organization and reusability.
  ABAP Program Structure: Understanding the structure of ABAP programs, function modules, and classes is crucial for proper code organization.
  Documentation: Refer to the SAP Help Portal or ABAP documentation for more details on the correct usage of INCLUDE files and alternatives for code reuse.
  
  By following these guidelines, you should be able to resolve the ES113 error and structure your ABAP code correctly.